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    Patient and person-centered care: Why it isn't working

    August 5th, 2009

    by Anthony Cirillo

    There is a movement afoot. Some call it culture change. Hospitals call it patient-centered care. The long-term care industry calls it person-centered care. Whatever you call it, for the most part it's not working. Everyone has an opinion. Here is mine.

    [More:]

    Chris Cornue certainly pointed to one reason: the trust issue. If there is not trust in an organization, people will not follow. But it also goes deeper than that. See what you think of this analogy.

    Healthcare workers are like firefighters: They do dirty jobs, look death in the eye every day and celebrate the joys of life, too--rescuing a kitten or delivering a baby. So why does the firefighter culture thrive? Low attrition? People clamoring to get in? Firefighters face their mortality every day and they have created a culture where they can talk about it, release it, joke about it and move on. The fire house is their community, their home.

    Healthcare workers do their job and take it home with them. When they are burned out, they leave. Firefighters are treated like heroes; healthcare workers not so much. So part of it, in my opinion, is building cultures that recognize this and help people release the fear and anxiety. That is not part of any rewards and recognition system. It goes fundamentally deeper.

    The other reason these programs fail is that there are just too many darned rules. Culture change 101--here is the six step process blah, bla, blah. What you need to do is use tools, not rules. Create a context so that the healthcare worker understands the feeling that needs to be achieved with any experience. For example, when a pain management specialist looks to achieve comfort as opposed to pain management, they see the patient's world in a new lens. Yes it's about clinical care, but it also is about the environment--what are people looking at when receiving pain medication?; what colors and smells surround them? etc. You don't have to make a list for the pain management person to do this. Once they understand, they will be empowered with great ideas to achieve the desired state.

    And finally, culture change has always been the program of the day. What is disturbing is how some organizations think that marketing can own the experience. To do so is fundamentally flawed thinking. Then you truly have a program of the day that will be ignored by most.

    The bottom line is that trusted leadership recognizes the fragile life-and-death nature of healthcare and allows staff to celebrate and grieve and become empowered to change it, to make it better.

    Anthony Cirillo, FACHE, ABC is president of Fast Forward Consulting, whose team consults globally with healthcare facilities in experience management and strategic marketing. Anthony's background includes work with a Wall Street healthcare startup, Fortune 500 companies, broadcasting organizations and hospitals. He obtained his graduate degree from the University of Pennsylvania. His article entitled "The Chief Experience Officer" became the basis upon which the Cleveland Clinic started an office of patient experience and hired the first ever hospital chief experience officer in the country. Contact Anthony at Cirillo@4wardfast.com, 704-992-6005, www.4wardfast.com</a>.

    Comments, Pingbacks:

    Comment from: Joel High [Visitor]
    Anthony, I wholly disagree with your comments. Your comments address cultural change in the most vague terms. You don't touch on the real issues of Patient-Centered Care. Patient-Centered Care, I would argue, is working and making a difference all across the country. Planetree is an example of an organization that is in fact partnering with hospitals to fundamentally change the way healthcare organizations operate. One look at the HCAHPS scores of hospitals truly practicing Patient-Centered Care and one can see how it is working. Take a look at what is really happening in large and small hospitals throughout the country. Thanks.
    Permalink 08/06/09 @ 16:41
    Comment from: Anthony Cirillo [Visitor] · http://www.4wardfast.com
    Joel -
    Thank you for your comments. It is hard to address this issue and give it justice in 400 words. There are great intentions and some great results oriented initiatives in both the hospital and long term space. And certainly Planetree is one such trailblazer with The Pioneer Network the equivalent in long term care. Maybe “why it isn’t working” should be “why it has not been embraced”. There are 6,000 hospitals in the U.S. The number of Planetree Hospitals are very small. And HCAHPS questions truly tell you little about the care. They are such general questions that without deep probing provide little guidance. There has been much debate too in terms of how hospitals play to the scores. Is a higher HCAHPS score a fundamental outcome of care or is achieving the score the end game. You know and I know that for some it is the latter. I want patient and resident experience initiatives to flourish. In this rules and regulations, paper centered world we know as healthcare it is sometimes if not impossible to shift. The long term vernacular is actually more appropriate too. Person centered implies every person – employees, community, patient, physician. Patient centered well is patient centered and it can’t happen without first focusing on the employees and the systemic issue at the heart of employee engagement was part of the heart of this blog. Let’s agree to disagree. There are heroes in healthcare for sure. And we need to celebrate them.
    Permalink 08/06/09 @ 17:16
    Comment from: Julie Rosen [Visitor] · http://www.theschwartzcenter.org
    I agree that one large contributor to burnout among hospital staff is that these caregivers don't have the space or time to process the intense emotions that surface when you're dealing with life and death on a daily basis. But there is a program - now taking place at 170 hospitals - that provides a much-needed a venue for these discussions. It's called Schwartz Center Rounds http://www.theschwartzcenter.org/programs/rounds.html At Schwartz Center Rounds, hospital caregivers discuss patient cases that were challenging for psychosocial reasons, not clinical reasons. Rounds topics include: delivering bad news; when a patient's spiritual/religious beliefs conflict with medical advice; taking care of a colleague; and losing a patient to palliative care. Rounds give caregivers the space to examine their prejudices, their feelings of loss when patients die; their frustration with "difficult" patients; their communications styles; their beliefs about spirituality and religion and so much more. Julie Rosen http://www.everydayhealth.com/blog/schwartz-center-bedside-manner
    Permalink 08/07/09 @ 11:48
    Comment from: alon [Visitor]
    I remember when I was a child that doctors/dentists couldnt put their names in the yellow pages cause that was advertising and they were not a business, they were a profession and were ABOVE that. Today healthcare is a business and instead of it being driven by the heart, it is driven by the dollar. My mother has been seriously ill for the past three years, it isnt the individual healthcare professionals that I have issues with, its the big dollar industry made up of hospital CEO's and "Big Pharm" making the dollar the bottom line. Forcing doctors to take on too many patients so that they have no time for heart.
    Permalink 08/11/09 @ 08:36
    Comment from: Deborah [Visitor]
    The patient and person centered care is not happening for several reasons. 1. Change. People are terrified to step out of their comfort zone. They have done it the same way for decades why change now. 2. It's all about the money. The nursing home industry does not want to let go of their profit margin in order to be in front of the wave of changes trying to come through. God forbid that the company spend 2,000 dollars on a steam table that would provide better dining experience. They fail so see that if they make that change and give the person a choice that more people would want to be in their facility over others. Once nursing facilities realize they are in the people business rather than the SNF,nursing home business things will begin to move. 3. The lack of respect for the customer. I saw a tape about nursing homes. In that tape one woman stated that the nursing home industry treats their customers like cash cows. How much money can we get from this one? Until that mindset changes the industry will be very slow to change to a person-centered model.
    Permalink 08/13/09 @ 19:55
    Comment from: Anthony Cirillo [Visitor] · http://www.4wardfast.com
    Deborah - thank you for refocusing the discussion where it belongs. Seems to have taken an odd turn!
    Permalink 08/13/09 @ 21:25
    Comment from: Jim Conway [Visitor] · http://www.ihi.org
    Anthony, I think your focus on trust is exactly on point. During the ten years I spent as the COO of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston a definition of culture of quality and safety began to emerge--yes, one of those lists that you mention. The first item on the list was "Grounded in trust, respect, human rights, forgiveness, and repentance." If organizations don't get that one, the other items on the list don't matter. We can't have a patient centered or safe system if we don't trust and respect those who work in it and use the system. Yet, people try every day.

    Thanks for stimulating this important conversation....
    Permalink 08/19/09 @ 08:00
    Comment from: Anthony Cirillo [Visitor] · http://www.4wardfast.com
    Thanks James. Certainly trust is at the top. But we also need enlightened leadership that can give up command and control behavior and embrace the idea of staff empowerment. Would love to chat! Anthony
    Permalink 08/19/09 @ 11:15
    Comment from: Judith Darin [Visitor]
    As both an RN and a medical planner, I agree that patient centered care has not reached it's fullest potential in the United States. There are many reasons for this, but the fact that healthcare is big business in this country is certainly a factor. Healthcare architects and planners are facing a challenge; despite all the furor and moving of a few doors and hand washing sinks, the patient room looks just like it has for many years. Creating a "family zone" and larger windows does not go far enough. So designers, step up to the plate and put the same amount of effort and time into the patient rooms as you do the exterior.
    Permalink 08/29/09 @ 12:25
    Comment from: Susan Kheder [Visitor]
    I believe that a critical element, that as healthcare providers we do not spend enough time discussing, is the quality of the relationships that we have with each other, our patients/families, and our communities. An excellent framework report created by the Pew-Fetzer Task Force on Advancing Psychoscial Health Education discusses health professions education and Relationship-centered care. It stresses that "understanding and embracing these three dimensions can create a more integrated and comprehensive view of health care." At St. Joseph Mercy Hospital NICU in Ann Arbor, Michigan, we have found that to really achieve cultural change and a patient/family focus, one also needs to work on improving the relationships among all staff. It wasn't until these two initiatives were interwoven did we see the greatest progress.
    Permalink 09/16/09 @ 13:53
    Comment from: Anthony Cirillo [Visitor] · http://www.4wardfast.com
    Susan - thanks for the comments. Certainly most of the culture change has to start with employees but you bring up the whole silo notion of health care. Would be interested in knowing how you fostered cross-organizational and functional communications and relationship building.
    Permalink 09/17/09 @ 15:58
    Comment from: Anthony Suchman [Visitor] · http://www.rchcweb.com
    Building on the themes of trust and being in the people business, the most recent book from the Arbinger Institute, The Anatomy of Peace, gets to the heart of it: do we see people (patients/residents and staff) as objects or do we see tham as subjects. They draw on Martin Buber's distinction between I-it and I-Thou relationships. While there are occasional exceptions to be sure, I think that most leaders of healthcare organizations engage in I-it relationships not out of nefarious profit-mongering or other kinds of ill intent but simply because they don't know another way. That's how they've been treated themselves; formal management education has offered an "organizationa as machine" orientation that sends them in the wrong direction. Good role models are still rare. But there are early adopter organizations that are demonstrating that an I-Thou aproach can be implemented systemically. These include LTC facilities in the Pioneer Network (www.pioneernetwork.net), hospitals working with the CPM Resource Center (www.cpmrc.com) and Creative Health Care Management (www.chcm.com), and my own person favorite, Clarian West Medical Center in Indianapolis (Google it! - it's a for profit, incidentally). One more resource to point out is the American Academy on Communication in Healthcare (www.aachonline.org) which offers programs (including train-the-trainer sessions) to help people gain the skills and mindfulness that allow them to engage in I-Thou relationships more consistently.
    Permalink 09/21/09 @ 08:13
    Comment from: manolo blahnik [Visitor] · http://www.manoloblahnikusa.com
    The first item on the list was "Grounded in trust, respect, human rights, forgiveness, and repentance."


    Manolo blahnik
    Permalink 07/05/10 @ 04:26
    Comment from: herve leger [Visitor]
    The culture change has always been the program of the day.
    I also confuse that.But I think evrything will go well!
    Herve leger
    Permalink 07/07/10 @ 03:05
    Comment from: Duke [Visitor] · http://business-generation.com/
    I am not surprised with the fact that person-centered care is not working, the same situation is in all our health care system.
    Permalink 07/07/10 @ 08:51
    Comment from: ximike1006 [Visitor] · http://www.coach-style.com/
    There are great intentions and some great results oriented initiatives in both the hospital and long term space.

    I prefer to COACH, in order to better at the beach, specially prepared my COACH series POPPY canvas wing charm handbag
    Permalink 07/07/10 @ 21:29
    Comment from: manolo blahnik [Visitor] · http://www.manoloblahnikusa.com
    While there are occasional exceptions to be sure, I think that most leaders of healthcare organizations engage in I-it relationships not out of nefarious profit-mongering or other kinds of ill intent but simply because they don't know another way. That's how they've been treated themselves; formal management education has offered an "organizationa as machine" orientation that sends them in the wrong direction. Good role models are still rare. But there are early adopter organizations that are demonstrating that an I-Thou aproach can be implemented systemically.
    Manolo blahnik
    Permalink 07/09/10 @ 03:00
    Comment from: luckynike [Visitor] · http://www.nikeshoxstyle.com/
    I think a lot of money and are relationship, especially when you are no money to see a doctor, perhaps you have lost confidence in society.
    Permalink 07/15/10 @ 20:44
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    Permalink 07/18/10 @ 02:03
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    Permalink 08/03/10 @ 21:00
    Comment from: Toner Kartus Dolumu [Visitor] · http://www.kar-ton.com/
    You have written an excellent blog that has convinced me to read this! Excellent Job! evden eve nakliyat - evden eve nakliyat -
    Permalink 08/05/10 @ 17:05
    Comment from: John Dordrecht [Visitor]
    There isn't enough employee benefits for healthcare workers.
    Permalink 08/07/10 @ 16:46
    Comment from: izlebe [Visitor] · http://www.izlebe.tk
    The culture change has always been the program of the day.
    I also confuse that.But I think evrything will go well!

    Permalink 08/31/10 @ 17:01

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